LATE AND DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT (6/26/14)
I. Dependency in Foreign Relations a. Overview i. Monroe Doctrine—19th century ii. Apex of intervention—1895-1933 iii. Good Neighbor Policy—FDR—1933-44 iv. Postwar—collective security—multilateralization of Monroe Doctrine—OAS i. Russian claim
ii.
Holy
iii. Unilateral—enforce?
iv.
v. Taft, 1908-12—“Dollar Diplomacy”
vi.
vii. Roosevelt Corollary repudiated in 1928 c. Interventionist Era
i.
1. Spanish-American War 2. Platt Amendment—intervene/Guantanamo—“The Platt Amendment” by Cosme de la Torriente
3.
1905-1933—
4. Post-1930s—US “puppets?”
ii.
1.
Earlier—Mexican War, 1846-47—Treaty
of Guadalupe Hidalgo—
2.
Revolution—Madero—
iii. Panama and Canal 1. “The End of Hegemony? Panama and the United States,” by Peter M. Sanchez 2. American Experience: The Panama Canal. PBS Video. 1 hour, 22 minutes. With additional resources. 3. France, Philippe Bunau-Varilla (B-V), Colombia, TR 4. Nov. 2-6, 1903, Panamanian revolt, declaration of independence, recognition by US 5. B-V devised plot, wife sewed flag from Macy’s silk, B-V appointed Pan. ambassador to US, signs Hay/B-V treat (1st Canal Treaty—“in perpetuity” and “as if it were sovereign” 6. New Treaty, 1977-78 7. 1989, US Invasion
8.
Dec.
31, 1999, sovereignty transferred to
iv. Nicaragua v. Common theme? d. Good Neighbor i. Roosevelt Corollary and Platt Amendment abrogated
ii.
e. Postwar Multilateralism i. OAS ii. IADB iii. UN Economic Commission on Latin America/A4P f. Postwar Interventions
i.
ii. Cuba--Bay of Pigs and assassination attempts, early-1960s—“Economic Coercion as an Instrument of Foreign Policy,” by Anna P. Schreiber, World Politics.
iii.
iv.
Contras and
v.
vi.
II. Economic Dependency a. Foreign Trade i. Ms & Xs ii. 1-2 leading Xs iii. Geographic concentration b. Foreign Capital i. Private ii. Public c. Effects i. Deteriorating terms of trade ii. Boom and bust iii. Decapitalization iv. Growth but social costs (equity) v. Dualities III. Late Development
a.
Occurs
after
b. Role model (younger sibling ex.) c. Demonstration Effect d. Revolution of Rising Expectations e. Imbalance—traits of modernity easily acquired but not assimilated f. Small is Beautiful, E.F. Schumacher (“intermediate technology for development in the third world,” Less is More, Natural Capitalism, Voluntary Simplicity) g. Technology (capital vs. labor-intensive) h. Population growth i. Urbanization (primate cities) IV. Development Strategies a. Conservative Modernization i. Accept dependency, open eco., intl. division of labor ii. Monetarism (control inflation through demand), austerity (exs.), IMF, Milton Friedman, Chicago School b. Progressive Modernization i. Manage dependency (protectionism, f.i.), reform (tax, ag.), UNECLA, Raul Prebisch ii. Structuralism (control inflation through supply) c. Revolution i. Reject capitalist dependency, closed economy? autarchy? ii. Equity, state role, basic needs iii. Cuba a. If the Demand Curve shifts “downward,” prices are reduced (Monetarism) b. If the Supply Curve shifts “upward” prices are reduced (Structuralism). VII. Dependency Articles a. Dependency Analysis of Latin America: Some Criticisms, Some Suggestions. C. Richard Bath and Dilmus D. James—Classic overview of dependency theory. b. On the Origins of ISI: The Latin American Cement Industry, 1900-30. Xavier Tafunell—Challenges the relationship between ISI, post-Depression, and populism. c. The Neoliberal Turn in Latin America: The Cycle of Ideas and the Search for an Alternative. Ana Margheritis and Anthony W. Pereira.
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