CUBA (9/23/15)
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The Gatekeeper State: Limited Economic Reforms and Regime Survival in Cuba, 1989-2002, Javier Corrales, Latin American Research Review, Vol. 39, No. 2 (2004), pp. 35-65
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Does Cuba Fit Yet or Is It Still 'Exceptional'? Antoni Kapcia, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol. 40, No. 4, Cuba: 50 Years of Revolution (Nov., 2008), pp. 627-650
- Economic Coercion as an Instrument of Foreign Policy, Schneider
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A FOREIGN POLICY FOR DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION: Mexico's Lukewarm Defense of Castro, 1959—1969, Renata Keller, Latin American Research Review, Vol. 47, No. 2 (2012), pp. 100-119. NOT AVAILABLE
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Cuba's "Equity Without Growth" Dilemma and the 2011 Lineamientos, Javier Corrales, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol. 54, No. 3 (Fall 2012), pp. 157-184. NOT AVAILABLE
- BBC Country Profile on Cuba
- Guantanamera--love song, unofficial national anthem of Cuba, identified with Cuban independence, struggle of "the poor of the earth"--Jose Marti and Joseito Fernandez, Sandpipers, Celia Cruz, Joan Baez, Pete Seger, Los Lobos, Jose Feliciano, Trini Lopez, English football chant. Pope Francis quoting Jose Marti in his Sept., 2015 arrival in Cuba: a “system of universal growth” had prevailed over “the forever-dead system of groups and dynasties” (in reference to Cuban-U.S. rapprochement).
- 1898—Spanish-American War
- 1902—Independence (Platt Amendment)
- 1900-30—US “penetration” of Cuban economy and politics (military occupation, financial “advisors”)
- 1925-33—Gerardo Machado
- 1926—Fidel Castro born--events through 1953
- 1933—Grau San Martin (“aborted revolution”)
- 1933-44—Fulgencio Batista
- 1944-52—elected civilian presidents (Garu and Prio Socarras)
- 1952-59—Batista (1952 coup cancelled elections with Castro as a candidate for legislature)
- July 26, 1953—Moncada Assault
- 160 with Castro—most captured or killed
- Castro’s “History Will Absolve Me” speech at his trial
- May, 1955—Castro released from jail—Castro goes to Mexico--meets Che Guevara
- Late-1956—Castro and some 80 followers sail to Cuba on the yacht “Granma”—no overt attacks, but begin guerrilla warfare
- Dec., 1958-Jan., 1959—Batista resigns and Castro comes to power
- US-Cuban/Castro relations (early ‘60s)
- 1957—US realizes Batista is a liability but opposes Castro
- 1958—classic case of conservative modernization
- Relatively advanced economically (ranked 4th in L.A. in GNPpc)
- Very economically dependent on US
- Severe problems with equity
- Jan., 1959—US recognizes Castro
- Feb., 1960—Soviet-Cuban trade pact
- March, 1960—CIA begins invasion plans
- Feb.-June, 1960—significant deterioration in US-Cuban relations
- June, 1960—US oil refineries expropriated
- July, 1960—US cancels Cuba’s sugar quota—Castro begins to turn to USSR
- Oct., 1960—Eisenhower bans all US exports to Cuba, except medical
- 1961--Bay of Pigs and assassination attempts on Castro
- Jan., 1961—US breaks relations
- April, 1961—Bay of Pigs
- Sept., 1961—US prohibits aid to countries trading with Cuba
- Dec., 1961—Castro declares himself a Marxist-leninist
- 1962--Operation Northwoods--pretexts for U.S. military intervention in Cuba
- Jan., 1962—OAS expels Cuba
- Early-1962—US bans importation of any products of Cuban origin (or even partial Cuban origin)
- Nov., 1962—Cuban missile crisis
- April, 1980—Mariel emigration
- Differing Views
- Links
- “Either a ruthless revolutionary took power in 1959, seized American corporate property, forced out his country’s own professional classes, and silenced all opposition by creating a totalitarian police state”
- “Or a brilliant revolutionary led the overthrow of a corrupt dictatorship, shook off the colonialism of foreign companies and the Mafia, brought literacy and health care and egalitarian values to a mobilized people, and created a university-educated bastion of socialism in spite of a half century of U.S. efforts to destroy it by prohibiting Americans from doing business with or spending tourist money in Cuba.”
- Discover the Charm of a Once-Forbidden Island
- OVERVIEW
- Characteristics of the Revolution
- Justification for revolution? Exhaust legal means?
- Socialization process for Castro (growing frustrations—and exhausting legal means?)
- 1933 Grau
- 1944-52
- 1952 coup
- Rationale for US retaliatory actions
- Expropriations of US property
- Anti-US sentiments in Cuba
- Growing contacts with Soviet bloc
- Political repression (Firing squads--but also Batista)
- Radicalization of the Cuban Revolution
- Reaction to Batista system
- Base of the Revolution in the lower class (workers and peasants)
- Retaliation of the private sector and of the US
- Why was Socialist Revolution Possible in Cuba?
- Dependency
- Socialization process
- Unique (at the time) guerrilla movement
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